分类目录精油指南

洋甘菊的精油_舒缓身心的秘密

洋甘菊，这个名字本身就带着一种温柔的画面感，仿佛置身于阳光下的草地，微风吹过，带来阵阵清香。而当这种香气浓缩成精油，它便拥有了远超想象的能量，成为舒缓身心的秘密武器。尤其是德国洋甘菊精油，那深邃的蓝色液体，更是大自然的馈赠，蕴藏着古老的智慧与现代科学的印证。

核心要点： 德国洋甘菊精油以其显著的抗炎、舒缓和促进睡眠的功效而闻名，是处理皮肤问题、缓解焦虑和改善睡眠的天然之选。

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一、洋甘菊：历史长河中的疗愈之星

洋甘菊的药用历史可以追溯到几千年前的古埃及、古罗马和古希腊文明。古埃及人将它献给神灵，并用于治疗发烧；罗马人则用它制作药物、饮料和香薰。中世纪时，人们甚至会将洋甘菊撒在公共场所的地板上，当人们踩踏时，便会散发出甜美清新的香味。可以说，洋甘菊一直是人类健康与福祉的忠实伙伴。

虽然名字都叫“洋甘菊”，但我们常说的主要有两种：罗马洋甘菊（Roman Chamomile）和德国洋甘菊（German Chamomile）。两者虽然在外观和化学成分上略有差异，但在很多传统用途上却不谋而合，比如都被用来缓解神经紧张、肠胃不适和皮肤问题。不过，要论起抗炎效果，德国洋甘菊可就独树一帜了。

二、深蓝色的秘密：德国洋甘菊精油的独特之处

德国洋甘菊精油与其他大多数精油不同，它的颜色是令人惊叹的深蓝色。这抹蓝色并非色素，而是源于一种叫做“母菊天蓝烃”（Chamazulene）的成分。这种成分在新鲜的洋甘菊花中并不存在，而是在蒸馏过程中，由花中的前母菊天蓝烃（Proazulene）和母菊素（Matricine）转化而来。而正是这个美丽的蓝色，赋予了德国洋甘菊精油强大的抗炎力量。除了母菊天蓝烃，德国洋甘菊精油还富含α-红没药醇（α-Bisabolol），这也是一个重要的活性成分，同样具有显著的抗炎和抗菌作用。

相比之下，罗马洋甘菊精油的颜色通常是淡黄色，气味也更偏甜美果香，更常用于芳香疗法中的情绪舒缓和助眠。而德国洋甘菊精油则以其更强的药用价值，在处理炎症和皮肤问题方面表现出色。

三、功效大揭秘：不止是舒缓身心

德国洋甘菊精油的功效并非空穴来风，现代科学研究也正在逐步揭示其背后的机制。

强大的抗炎与抗过敏作用： 前面提到的母菊天蓝烃和α-红没药醇是德国洋甘菊精油的核心抗炎成分。研究表明，它可以显著抑制炎症反应，减轻皮肤发红、肿胀和瘙痒。这使得德国洋甘菊精油在应对湿疹、皮炎等炎症性皮肤问题时，成为一个有潜力的天然选择。一些动物研究也支持了其在缓解特应性皮炎症状方面的效果。此外，它似乎还具有抗组胺作用，有助于缓解过敏症状。
舒缓神经，改善睡眠： 洋甘菊的镇静作用由来已久，无论是作为花草茶还是精油，它都被广泛用于缓解焦虑、压力和促进睡眠。德国洋甘菊精油同样具有这种能力，它可以帮助平复紧张情绪，缓解焦虑，并有助于更快地进入睡眠状态。虽然对此的人体研究相对有限，但一项针对广泛性焦虑症（GAD）患者的研究显示，洋甘菊胶囊能够减轻焦虑症状。
呵护肌肤，促进修复： 除了抗炎，德国洋甘菊精油对皮肤还有额外的益处。其抗氧化成分有助于抵抗自由基损伤，延缓皮肤衰老。同时，它的抗菌特性对伤口愈合也有帮助，一些动物研究发现洋甘菊提取物软膏可以促进伤口愈合和抗菌。对于敏感肌肤来说，稀释后的德国洋甘菊精油也可以带来温和的舒缓效果。
缓解消化不适： 传统上，洋甘菊也常用于改善消化系统问题，如胀气、消化不良甚至腹泻。德国洋甘菊精油中的α-红没药醇具有放松肠道平滑肌的作用，有助于缓解肠道痉挛带来的不适。

四、如何使用德国洋甘菊精油？

虽然德国洋甘菊精油功效卓著，但毕竟是高浓度提取物，使用时务必小心谨慎，并进行适当稀释。

芳香疗法： 将几滴德国洋甘菊精油加入扩香器中，让其香气弥漫整个房间，有助于缓解焦虑、创造宁静氛围，或在睡前使用，帮助入睡。
局部涂抹： 这是利用德国洋甘菊精油舒缓皮肤和缓解疼痛的主要方式。但切记一定要用基础油（如甜杏仁油、荷荷巴油、椰子油等）进行稀释。对于成人，一般建议稀释比例为2%-3%，即每30毫升基础油中加入12-18滴精油。对于儿童、老人或敏感肌肤，稀释比例应更低，建议1%或更少（每30毫升基础油约加入6滴精油），甚至更低至0.5%-1%（每30毫升基础油约加入3-6滴）用于面部或敏感区域。稀释后可以用于按摩、涂抹在需要的皮肤区域，或者加入温水中进行湿敷。
泡澡： 在温水中加入稀释后的德国洋甘菊精油（先与基础油或浴盐混合），浸泡至少10分钟，可以让身心得到放松。

需要特别注意的是：

德国洋甘菊精油呈深蓝色，可能会在衣物或织物上留下污渍，使用时请小心。
所有精油都不建议直接接触未稀释的皮肤，特别是像德国洋甘菊这样成分浓度较高的。
如果对雏菊、豚草等菊科植物过敏，使用洋甘菊产品时应谨慎。
孕妇、哺乳期妇女、儿童或有特定健康问题的人，在使用前最好咨询医生或有资质的芳疗师。
不要将精油用于眼睛、内耳或破损的皮肤上。

五、结语

洋甘菊精油，尤其是德国洋甘菊精油，不仅仅是一种带有芬芳气味的液体，它是植物智慧的结晶，是连接传统经验与现代科学的桥梁。在快节奏的现代生活中，它提供了一种温和而有效的方式，帮助我们舒缓紧张的情绪，呵护疲惫的肌肤，找回内心的平静。正如古人早已发现的那样，大自然中蕴藏着无数的宝藏，等待着我们去探索、去应用。

不过，我们也要清醒地认识到，精油并非万能灵药，不能替代正规的医疗手段。当身体出现不适时，及时就医、听从专业人士的建议仍然是最重要的。在享受德国洋甘菊精油带来的美好时，保持一份客观务实的态度，才能真正从中受益。

引用来源：

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Holland & Barrett. Chamomile Oil: Uses and benefits. (2022)
Miracle Botanicals. Blue Chamomile Essential Oil Profile. (2023)
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NOW Foods. Essential Oil Dilution Guide | Chart & Calculator.
PubMed. An updated comprehensive review of the therapeutic properties of Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.).
Gya Labs. What Is The Difference Between Roman And German Chamomile?.
Healthline. What Are the Potential Skin Benefits of Chamomile?. (2024)
Morgans Apothecary. Compare German vs Roman Chamomile Essential Oils. (2016)
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SOAP CART. The Tale of Two Different Chamomiles - German & Roman. (2021)
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WebMD. Chamomile: Benefits and Side Effects. (2023)
PFAF Plant Database. Matricaria recutita German Camomile.
Dove Medical Press. Matricaria chamomilla & psoriatic-like skin inflammation. (2024)
International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) As a Valuable Medicinal Plant.
MDPI. Investigation of Releasing Chamomile Essential Oil from Inserts with Cellulose Agar and Microcrystalline Cellulose Agar Films Used in Biotextronics Systems for Lower Urinary Tract Inflammation Treatment.
Frontiers. The Mechanism Action of German Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) in the Treatment of Eczema: Based on Dose–Effect Weight Coefficient Network Pharmacology. (2021)
ResearchGate. Anti-inflammatory and Anti-allergic Effects of German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). (2024)
Physalis. German chamomile.
Plant Therapy. German Chamomile Essential Oil.
Essenciagua. How to use matrix chamomile essential oil (German chamomile) against stress?.
Essenciagua. How to use matrix chamomile essential oil (German chamomile) in case of insomnia?.
Essenciagua. How to use matrix chamomile essential oil in the event of intellectual fatigue or overwork?.
Essenciagua. How to use matrix chamomile essential oil in case of sleep disorders?.
Essenciagua. How to use matrix chamomile essential oil (German chamomile) against stress?.
Essenciagua. How to use matrix chamomile essential oil in case of eczema or psoriasis?.
Essenciagua. How to use matrix chamomile essential oil to relieve respiratory allergies?.
Essenciagua. Matrical chamomile hydrosol (also called German chamomile) of Essenciagua.
Essenciagua. Coming from Matricaria Recutita.
Miracle Botanicals. Chamomile (German) Essential Oil - Blue Chamomile.
Miracle Botanicals. Blue Chamomile Essential Oil Benefits.
Miracle Botanicals. German Chamomile Essential Oil is recommended as a nerve relaxer.
Holland & Barrett. There's so much you can do with chamomile oil. You can:.
Healthline. Aromatherapy applications.
Healthline. Bath oil.
Healthline. Massage oil.
Holland & Barrett. Diffuse it.
Holland & Barrett. Massage it.
Holland & Barrett. Bathe in it.
Holland & Barrett. Inhale it.
Holland & Barrett. Apply it.
Healthline. In a lotion.
Healthline. On a compress.
Holland & Barrett. Spray it.
Plant Therapy. Apply 2–4 drops to desired area. Dilution not required, except for the most sensitive skin. Aromatic: Diffuse up to 1 hour 3 times daily.
Physalis. Oral: once daily 1 to 2 drops. To be taken diluted in some honey (in an infusion) or vegetable oil. Food supplement. Keep out of the reach of young children under three years of age. Do not exceed the recommended dose. A food supplement is no substitute for a varied diet and a healthy lifestyle. Skin: massage, bath: 2 to 5 drops per 10 ml of vegetable oil. May cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals. Test before using in a massage. ... Diffusion: 5 to 10 drops according to your personal preference and the size of the room.
Plant Therapy. Dilute appropriately in a carrier oil to support the areas of concern.
Plant Therapy. When diffused, German Chamomile is widely known for promoting feelings of serenity.
Mount Sinai. Animal studies have found that low doses of chamomile may relieve anxiety, while higher doses help sleep.
Mount Sinai. A 2014 animal studyTrusted Source evaluated the effects of German chamomile extract on diarrhea. The study's authors found that the chamomile oil offered protection against diarrhea and fluid accumulation in the intestines. A 2018 studyTrusted Source assessed the effect of ...
Plant Therapy. The essential oil is a breathtakingly deep and distinct blue color, thanks to its chamazulene content. So be careful – this oil will leave a stain on fabric and carpet!
New Directions Aromatics. German Chamomile Essential Oil is blue in color due to the presence of the sesquiterpene chamazulene.
Plant Therapy. The Matricaria chamomilla is a self-seeding annual plant... The essential oil is a breathtakingly deep and distinct blue color, thanks to its chamazulene content.
Holland & Barrett. it actually happens to be the German variation that contains more of the active ingredients, azulene and chamazulene, which are responsible for giving chamomile oil a blue tinge.
ResearchGate. Chamazolene content of the cultivars ranged between 9.6-14% (Azizi, 2006).
Mount Sinai. The principal terpenoids are α-bisabolol and chamazulene.
ResearchGate. α-Bisabolol oxide A (25.01%) and α - bisabolol oxide B (9.43%) were the major constituents of the oil (Shams-Ardakani et al., 2006).
PubMed Central. The main components in German chamomile are terpenoid; α-bisabolol and its oxide azulenes, such as chamazulene (1–15%); and apigenin.
PubMed Central. The components present in essential oil, chamazulene, α-bisabolol, and cis-β-farnesene, are hydrophobic in nature.
MDPI. α-Bisabolol, one of the main ingredients of chamomile oil, has a relaxing effect on intestinal smooth muscles.
PubMed Central. Studies suggested that chamomile contains α-bisabolol, which gives it anti-microbial properties.
PubMed Central. Chamazulene is implicated as a potent anti-inflammatory agent.
PubMed Central. Matricaria recutita L. (syn. M. chamomilla L., Chamomilla recutita L. Rauschert) is known as true chamomile or German chamomile and Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All. (syn. Anthemis nobilis L.) is known as Roman chamomile.
PubMed Central. There is a marked difference in the chemical composition of German and Roman chamomile varieties.
Gya Labs. German Chamomile has a more pungent, stronger aroma and flavor, while Roman Chamomile is milder and sweeter.
Gya Labs. Both the oils are better, German chamomile oil contains aromatic oils and is more potent than Roman chamomile. Though Roman chamomile is more popular mainly because of its fine scent.
Morgans Apothecary. Roman Chamomile has a light, fresh apple fragrance, and German Chamomile smells more like sweet straw.
SOAP CART. Scent-wise, it is stronger, often described as the smell of sweet straw or hay!
SOAP CART. Roman Chamomile or English Chamomile is most familiar as the aroma you inhale when you drink your chamomile tea. It has a calming and mild aroma that most people find pleasing.
ResearchGate. In a mouse model with xylene-induced ear swelling, they reduced the swelling and lowered the allergic reaction.
Frontiers. Research studies had shown that the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17 cytokines in the serum of mice treated with German chamomile volatile oil were lower than those in the model group.
Healthline. One 2010 animal studyTrusted Source found that topical administration of German chamomile oil helped reduce symptoms of inflammation associated with atopic dermatitis (eczema). A similar 2021 animal studyTrusted Source also reported that topical chamomile may help manage symptoms of eczema.
Frontiers. Several studies have reported significant effects of German chamomile volatile oil in the treatment of eczema.
Mount Sinai. Test tube studies have shown that chamomile can kill bacteria, fungus, and viruses.
PubMed Central. The antibacterial potential was studied by Kazemian et al. The group treated with chamomile showed reduced wound healing times (5.3 days) compared to the antibiotic group (6.3 days).
Healthline. A 2018 studyTrusted Source in animals found that ointment with Roman chamomile extract significantly improved the healing and antibacterial activity in an infected wound compared with tetracycline ointment and placebo.
Mount Sinai. So far there has been only one controlled, randomized clinical trial using chamomile to treat anxiety in people. It found that chamomile capsules reduced symptoms of anxiety in people with mild to moderate generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
Mount Sinai. Animal studies have found that low doses of chamomile may relieve anxiety, while higher doses help sleep.
PubMed Central. Apigenin binds to benzodiazepine receptors in the brain and results in CNS-depressant effects.
Mount Sinai. Chamomile has been used traditionally to treat stomach cramps, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), indigestion, diarrhea, gas, and colic. It helps relax muscle contractions, particularly in the smooth muscles that make up the intestines.
MDPI. α-Bisabolol, one of the main ingredients of chamomile oil, has a relaxing effect on intestinal smooth muscles.
PubMed Central. Chamomile has anti-inflammatory, deodorant, bacteriostatic, antimicrobial, carminative, sedative, antiseptic, anticatarrhal and spasmolytic properties.
PubMed Central. It is primarily used for the treatment of mild skin irritation and to treat anxiety, inflammation, and spasm or as a sedative.
Healthline. Historically, it has often been used for a variety of ailments and conditions.
Holland & Barrett. The use of chamomile oil goes back a long way.
New Directions Aromatics. Even in ancient times, Roman Chamomile oil was used in pre-natal massages.
Young Living Essential Oils. The ancient Egyptians and Romans used this oil in creams and salves.
Young Living Essential Oils. For centuries, mothers have used chamomile with their children.
Mount Sinai. Chamomile has been used as a medicine for thousands of years, dating back to the ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Greeks.
International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. Its medicinal usage dates back to antiquity where such notables as Hippocrates, Galen, and Asclepius made written reference to it.
Holland & Barrett. Chamomile essential oil uses. There's so much you can do with chamomile oil. You can:.
Healthline. You can inhale the oil by using it in a diffuser, apply it on your skin with a carrier oil, or add a few drops to your bath.
Healthline. Chamomile oil can also be used in topical applications.
doTERRA. To minimize skin sensitivity, dilute essential oils using a carrier oil like fractionated coconut oil. The suggested dilution ratio is one drop of essential oil to five drops ...
doTERRA. When diluting essential oils, try starting with one drop of essential oil combined with one to five drops of a carrier oil, such as Fractionated Coconut Oil.
doTERRA. When using oils with a particularly strong chemistry, you will want to dilute one drop of essential oil to ten drops of carrier oil.
NOW Foods. We do not recommend using dilutions above 5% in topical applications. Ten percent is typical of a perfume but not recommended for all-over skin application.
NOW Foods. For facial applications such as masks or oils, a 1% or less dilution is recommended. For massages oils and other leave-on body products, we recommend a 2% dilution, and for other rinse-off bath and body products, we recommend 3%.
AromaWeb. Using a 2% essential oil dilution is generally considered a safe guideline for topical application of essential oils on adults when an essential oil has a dermal maximum of 2% of higher.
AromaWeb. For children or elderly, use only a 1% dilution.
AromaWeb. To easily approximate a 2% dilution, add 12 drops of your chosen essential oil to 1 fl. oz (30ml) of carrier oil.
AromaWeb. 2% of 600 drops equals 12 drops (600x. 02).
AromaWeb. For children (5-10), Frail Elderly, Sensitive Skin: A lower dilution of 1% or less (6 drops per ounce) is suggested for these demographics. Facial or Sensitive Areas: Use a 0.5-1% dilution (3-6 drops per ounce).
Plant Therapy. Apply 2–4 drops to desired area. Dilution not required, except for the most sensitive skin.
Physalis. Skin: massage, bath: 2 to 5 drops per 10 ml of vegetable oil.
Plant Therapy. Dilute appropriately in a carrier oil.
Plant Therapy. Dilute German Chamomile and apply it topically on your children to soothe sensitive skin.
Plant Therapy. When diffused, German Chamomile is widely known for promoting feelings of serenity, which also may be helpful to children who have problems focusing.
Physalis. Diffusion: 5 to 10 drops according to your personal preference and the size of the room.
Healthline. Diffusion. A diffuser allows the scent of evaporated essential oils to spread through a room.
Healthline. Spray. To use chamomile oil in a spray, dilute 10 to 15 drops of chamomile oil in each ounce of water.
Holland & Barrett. Spray it - Create a mixture that contains 10 to 15 drops of chamomile oil per ounce of water.
Physalis. Oral: once daily 1 to 2 drops. To be taken diluted in some honey (in an infusion) or vegetable oil. Food supplement.
Plant Therapy. Add 2 drops of our German Chamomile Vitality™ to your herbal tea.
WebMD. Dried flowers from German chamomile are commonly used in teas.
WebMD. The FDA says chamomile is generally safe for use in food. German chamomile is categorized as generally regarded as safe (GRAS).
Mount Sinai. USFDA also recognizes essential oil, extracts, and distillates as GRAS.
Healthline. Always talk to your doctor before using essential oils to treat a medical condition.
Healthline. As with any essential oil, be sure to follow all safety precautions.
Healthline. It's best to speak with a doctor before using new herbal remedies. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not regulate these remedies in the same way as regular medications.
doTERRA. Always read the labels. Pay attention to any specific warnings.
doTERRA. Avoid putting oils into your nose, inner ears, eyes, broken skin, or other sensitive areas.
doTERRA. Always dilute an oil when using it for the first time, applying it to sensitive skin, or when using essential oils with children.
doTERRA. Always dilute essential oils when using them on children. Kids have thinner, more sensitive skin.
doTERRA. Always dilute essential oils for elderly people. Their skin is also thinner and more sensitive.
doTERRA. Likewise, dilute for pregnant women. Skin sensitivities can change during pregnancy, and essential oils can cross the placenta and reach the unborn child.
doTERRA. If a rash develops or you feel a burning sensation after applying essential oils, you may not have diluted the oil enough. To help relieve the pain, simply apply more carrier oil to the area.
doTERRA. If you get essential oil in your eyes or on another sensitive area of the body, wash the area with a little carrier oil such as coconut oil.
International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. Children who are allergic to ragweed, asters, and chrysanthemums should use chamomile with caution.
ResearchGate. The essential oil had the most remarkable inhibitory effect. It showed both the volatile and non-volatile component of German Chamomile had remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects.
Healthline. Research has been done on both strains. The active ingredient most researched is chamazulene, and it's higher in German chamomile.
Gya Labs. German chamomile oil contains aromatic oils and is more potent than Roman chamomile.